Papillomavirus infection is widespread throughout the world. HPV infection occurs regardless of age and gender, but the disease and its development in men and women have their own characteristics.
For the stronger sex, the papilloma virus can bring certain disturbances in sexual life and provoke the occurrence of related health problems.
cause
The human papillomavirus has such a microscopic structure that it can penetrate the body through the smallest microcracks on the skin and mucous membranes.
In this regard, there are several possible HPV infections, these are:
- Sexual transmission. You can get the infection not only with simple intimate contact, but also with oral contact. In gay men, HPV penetrates through cracks in the skin and rectum, through anal contact. During sex, through the mucous membranesTrauma increases the risk of infection.
- Domestic route of infection. The virus can be in a viable state for a long time in a moist environment, and therefore there is a high probability of its transmission through baths, saunas, personal towels. Cases of infection are described in beauty salons, whereRules for disinfecting manicure sets and other instruments were neglected. Transmission of virus through instruments in dental or surgical rooms is possible.
- From mother to child during delivery.
Men who frequently change sexual partners are most likely to be HPV-positive.
It is believed that the younger the girls, the more likely they are to have papillomavirus in their body - most cases of infection are detected by the age of 25. Virgins can also become infected with HPV, because oral and otherTypes of intercourse are often preceded by traditional sex.
Unfortunately, barrier contraception, that is, condoms, does not provide a 100% guarantee of preventing HPV infection. This is due to the fact that this microorganism, due to its minimal size, easily penetrates the pores of latex. NaturallyTherefore, a condom reduces the chance of possible infection, but does not eliminate it completely.
It should also be taken into account that the microorganism is found in saliva in a certain amount and, therefore, can be transmitted through kissing.
Men with bad habits increase the risk of possible HPV infection. The weakening of the body's defenses after prolonged treatment while taking antibiotics increases the likelihood of infection.
Symptoms
A man may not suspect that he is a carrier of the papillomavirus until the vital activity of this microorganism is activated. The reason for this change is often the weakening of the functioning of the immune defense.
Latent carriage of infection takes a period of two weeks to a year, in some cases this interval becomes much longer.
Activation of the virus leads to the fact that some of it accumulates in a certain place on the skin or mucous membrane. The accumulation and development of papillomavirus changes the functions of epithelial cells and this gives rise to a tumor-like process.
Papillomas can form on almost any part of our body, most often they become noticeable when they appear on the armpits, face, neck and genitals. Sometimes the process of papilloma formation is accompanied by itching and burning.
Papillomavirus formations on the body grow in the form of plaques, warts, filiform bumps on the legs. The greatest danger is genital warts, in men they are located on the penis, can grow around the anus or inside the urethra.
At first, these outbreaks often look like small pimples, in advanced cases they can merge with each other, forming a cauliflower-shaped growth.
In themselves, genital warts are unpleasant only because of a cosmetic defect. But if they are not removed and treated as usual with papillomatous infections, there is a risk of degeneration in people with cancer of transformed epithelial cells. Is.
Sometimes, during sexual intercourse or careless movements, papillomas are injured, causing slight bleeding and pain. With the strengthening of the immune system, self-healing often occurs, that is, papillomas disappear or become smaller. Let's go
influence
The consequences of infection with papillomavirus for men are very unpleasant, and depend on the strain of this microorganism.
If the inside of the urethra is affected, there is a risk of rapid growth and spread of genital warts inside the urethra. This leads to its partial or complete blockage, which negatively affects the outflow of urine andAffects the development of disorders in the functioning of the urinary organs.
The presence of growths on the glans penis, around the anus and in the rectum increases the likelihood of a benign formation becoming malignant.
Rectal cancer is more common in men who have non-traditional sexual intercourse. When performing oral sex, there is a risk of formation of papillomas in the groin, which is manifested by various uncomfortable sensations.
A man infected with HPV also poses a certain danger to the women in his environment. For the wife or other sexual partner, such a man will be the most likely source of infection. In the family a towel, bath accessories used by sister, Mothers and daughters are at risk of infection.
methods of diagnosis
The establishment of the diagnosis begins with the examination of the external genital organs and the entire body of the patient.
The doctor must necessarily collect an anamnesis, that is, to clarify when the formations appeared on the body, what the patient associates their growth, and also to establish whether there are any complaints.
To confirm the diagnosis, the patient must pass a number of tests, these are:
- A swab or scraper from the mucous layer inside the urethra.
- PCR test to determine the type of virus, its quantitative content. This analysis is carried out after taking a smear, prostate secretion or blood.
- Biopsy - the study of a tissue sample taken during the removal of genital warts or from the site of changes in the mucous layer.
- Ureteroscopy helps to visually examine changes in the urethra.
Men with homosexual contacts are advised to test swabs taken from the anal area.
Methods of treatment of papillomavirus in men
The selection of methods for treating human papillomavirus in men depends on the type of virus detected in the man.
If a pathogen with high oncogenic activity is detected, an effective antiviral treatment is prescribed, and in the future it is necessary to constantly repeat the tests.
Papillomas and condylomas are removed from the skin and mucous membranes in several ways. It can be either a traditional scalpel cut, or more modern methods - laser treatment, electrocoagulation, radio wave method.
After removal of the papilloma, it is necessary to increase the body's resistance to infection, which will reduce the risk of infection with another type of HPV.
Redressal
Prevention of human papillomavirus infection is prudence in sexual relations and, if possible, sexual contact only with trusted partners. Methods of prevention include the observance of elementary rules in everyday life, following a healthy lifestyle only on one's ownLet's use the towel and underwear.
Infection can be prevented by vaccination. A special vaccine has been developed against HPV, it is given three times at a certain interval. Vaccination leads to the fact that the body develops immunity to certain strains of papillomavirus.